The society is well known for its research and development in alternative medicine. It has several wings in other countries, and is always available for complementary and alternative medicine work research. It has researched in veterinary medicine as well as other functions of complementary medicine.

Adapted from the Wikipedia article International Society of Acupuncture, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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Acupoints used in treatment may or may not be in the same area of the body as the targeted symptom. The Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory for the selection of such points and their effectiveness is that they work by stimulating the meridian system to bring about relief by rebalancing yin, yang and qi (also spelled “chi” or “ki”). This theory is based on the paradigm of TCM and has no analogue in western medicine.

Body acupoints are generally located using a measurement unit, called the cun, that is calibrated according to their proportional distances from various landmark points on the body. Acupoint location usually depends on specific anatomical landmarks that can be palpated. There are nearly 400 basic acupoints recognized by the WHO on the meridians. Many of these basic points are rarely used. Some points are considered more therapeutically valuable than others, and are used very frequently for a wide array of health conditions.

Location by palpation for tenderness is also a common way of locating acupoints (see also trigger point). Points may also be located by feeling for subtle differences in temperature on the skin surface or over the skin surface, as well as changes in the tension or “stickiness” of the skin and tissue. There is no scientific proof that this method works and some practitioners disagree with the method.

Body acupoints are referred to either by their traditional name, or by the name of the meridian on which they are located, followed by a number to indicate what order the point is in on the meridian. A common point on the hand, for example, is named ”Hegu”, and referred to as LI 4 which means that it is the fourth point on the Large Intestine meridian.

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Acupuncture point, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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In July 1971, Reston suffered appendicitis while visiting China with his wife. After his appendix was removed through conventional surgery at the Anti-Imperialist Hospital in Beijing, his post-operative pain was treated by Li Chang-yuan with acupuncture. The article he wrote for the Times describing his experience was the first time many Americans had heard of the traditional Chinese medical practice.

Adapted from the Wikipedia article James Reston, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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*Alt-HealthWatch

*CINAHL

*EMBASE

*MEDLINE

*SCOPUS

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Acupuncture in Medicine, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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The NCCAOM is a member of the National Organization for Competency Assurance (NOCA). Its certification programs are accredited by the National Commission for Certifying Agencies (NCCA).

Several examinations are offered by the NCCAOM on many of the major branches, skills, and techniques of Oriental Medicine. Most states in the US require passing of one or more of these tests in order become a licensed practitioner of the associated techniques.

California has its own unique process for licensing handled through the State of California Acupuncture Board (SCAB).

Adapted from the Wikipedia article National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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”See also:” Taoism

The Yogic, Tantric and other systems of India, the Buddhist psychology of Tibet, as well as Chinese (Taoist alchemy) and Japanese (Shingon) esoterism are examples of doctrines that describe a subtle physiology having a number of focal points (chakras, acupuncture points) connected by a series of channels (nadis, Acupuncture meridians) that convey life-force (prana, vayu, ch’i, ki, lung).

These invisible channels and points are understood to determine the characteristics of the visible physical form. By understanding and mastering the subtlest levels of reality one gains mastery over the physical realm. Through practice of various breathing and visualisation exercises one is able to manipulate and direct the flow of vital force, to achieve superhuman (e.g. in martial arts) or miraculous powers (“siddhis”) and attain higher states of consciousness, immortality, or liberation.

Hinduism

”See also:”

* Vedanta (the five ”Koshas”)

* Samkhya

* Tantra

* Kundalini

The subtle body (”Sukshma sarira” or ”Sukshma sharira”) in Vedantic philosophy is composed of five Kosas or “sheaths”. The subtle body is the vehicle of consciousness with which one passes from life to life. The is the vehicle of consciousness in later Samkhya, Vedanta, and Yoga , and is propelled by past-life tendencies, or ”bhavas”. . Linga can be translated as “characteristic mark” or “impermanence” and the term Sarira as “for

: ””The subtle body (”linga”), previously arisen, unconfined, constant, inclusive of the great one (”mahat”) etc , through the subtle elements, not having enjoyment, transmigrates, (because of) being endowed with ”bhavas” (“conditions” or “dispositions”)

: ”As a picture (does) not (exist) without a support, or as a shadow (does) not (exist) without a post and so forth; so too the instrument (”linga” or ”karana”) does not exist without that which is specific (i.e. a subtle body).””

The idea was adopted by Vedanta and Yoga philosophy, and from there, in the 19th century, the terminology was adopted by the Theosophy of Madame Blavatsky.

Subtility-The State Of Being Subtile To Will

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Subtle body, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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In Australia, the legalities of practicing acupuncture also vary by state. In 2000, an independent government agency was established to oversee the practice of Chinese Herbal Medicine and Acupuncture in the state of Victoria. The Chinese Medicine Registration Board of Victoria aims to protect the public, ensuring that only appropriately experienced or qualified practitioners are registered to practice Chinese Medicine. The legislation put in place stipulates that only practitioners who are state registered may use the following titles: Acupuncture, Chinese Medicine, Chinese Herbal Medicine, Registered Acupuncturist, Registered Chinese Medicine Practitioner, and Registered Chinese Herbal Medicine Practitioner.

The Parliamentary Committee on the Health Care Complaints Commission in the Australian state of New South Wales commissioned a report investigating Traditional Chinese medicine practice. They recommended the introduction of a government appointed registration board that would regulate the profession by restricting use of the titles “acupuncturist”, “Chinese herbal medicine practitioner” and “Chinese medicine practitioner”. The aim of registration is to protect the public from the risks of acupuncture by ensuring a high baseline level of competency and education of registered acupuncturists, enforcing guidelines regarding continuing professional education and investigating complaints of practitioner conduct. The registration board will hold more power than local councils in respect to enforcing compliance with legal requirements and investigating a

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Regulation of acupuncture, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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All D.A.O.M. curricula require a Master of Acupuncture & Oriental Medicine degree for admission. They are 2-2.5 calendar year programs, and involve advanced training that may include integration of western and eastern medical practices.

Currently, no state in the U.S.A. requires the D.A.O.M. degree in order to obtain a license to practice acupuncture. However, acupuncturists who hold the D.A.O.M. degree and do not hold another doctoral degree are eligible for certain research grants and other educational funding not open to providers with a Master’s degree in the field. For example, the Bernard Osher Foundation – NCCAM CAM Practitioner Research Career Development Award, established in 2006, is only open to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) providers with an accredited doctoral degree.

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Doctor of Acupuncture & Oriental Medicine, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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Acupuncture may be defined as the insertion of needles into specific points on the body to cause a desired healing effect. This technique has been used in veterinary practice in China, in a very limited form, to treat certain ailments. The Chinese also use acupuncture as preventive medicine against such problems as founder and colic in horses.

The major emergence of Veterinary Acupuncture onto the medical scene did not actually take place until the early 1970’s. Oddly enough, this did not occur in China, but in the United States. Veterinary Acupuncture was introduced into the United States in 1971, by members of the National Acupuncture Associations research team: Dr. Gene Bruno and Dr. John Ottaviano. In the process of treating thousands of small animals and several hundred horses, Bruno and Ottaviano trained Veterinarians who later founded the International Veterinary Acupuncture Society (IVAS).

Veterinary Acupuncture is used all over the world, either by itself or in conjunction with Western medicine, to treat a wide variety of maladies in every species of domestic and exotic animals. Modern veterinary acupuncturists use solid needles, hypodermic needles, bleeding needles, electricity, heat, massage and low power lasers to stimulate acupuncture points. Acupuncture is not a cure-all, but can work very well when it is indicated.

Acupuncture is indicated mainly for functional problems such as those that involve paralysis, noninfectious inflammation (such as allergies), and pain. For small animals, the following are some of the general conditions that are treated with acupuncture:

• Musculoskeletal problems, such as arthritis or vertebral disc pathology, and hip dysplasia

• Skin problems, such as lick granuloma

• Respiratory problems, such as feline asthma

• Gastrointestinal problems, such as diarrhea

• Selected reproductive problems

For large animals, acupuncture is again commonly used for functional problems. Some of the general conditions where it might be applied are the following:

• Musculoskeletal problems, such as sore backs or downer cow syndrome

• Nervous system problems, such as facial nerve paralysis

• Skin problems, such as allergic dermatitis

• Respiratory problems, such as heaves (emphesema) and “Bleeders”

• Gastrointestinal problems, such as nonsurgical colic

• Selected reproductive disorders

In addition, regular acupuncture treatment can treat minor sports injuries as they occur and help to keep muscles and tendons resistant to injury. World-class professional and amateur athletes often use acupuncture as a routine part of their training. Acupuncture is used on many animals involved athletic endeavors, such as racing, jumping, or showing.

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Veterinary acupuncture, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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Clinical use of acupuncture points frequently relies on the conceptual framework of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which some scholars have characterized as pseudoscientific. Proponents reply that TCM is a prescientific system that continues to have practical relevance.

Adapted from the Wikipedia article Acupuncture point, under the G. N. U. Free Documentation License. Please also see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki

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